What is Nutrition*?
Nutrition is the intake of food, considered in relation to the body dietary needs. Good nutrition and adequate, well balanced diet combined with regular physical activity is a cornerstone of good health. Poor nutrition can lead to reduced immunity, increased susceptibility to disease, impaired physical and mental development, and reduced productivity.
*WHO definition
General Recommendations and Guidelines
- Energy Balance is the deciding Factor in Weight Gain and Loss
- Trans fatty acids (“Trans Fats”) from unprocessed food sources need to be reduced as much as possible
- Minimally Processed Foods should be preferred to highly processed foods
- A Mixed Diet is superior to any extreme form of diet
Key facts*
A healthy diet helps protect against malnutrition in all its forms, as well as noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and cancer.
Unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity are leading global risks to health.
Healthy dietary practices start early in life breastfeeding fosters healthy growth and improves cognitive development, and may have longer-term health benefits, like reducing the risk of becoming overweight or obese and developing NCDs later in life.
Energy intake (calories) should be in balance with energy expenditure. Evidence indicates that total fat should not exceed 30% of total energy intake to avoid unhealthy weight gain, with a shift in fat consumption away from saturated fats to unsaturated fats, and towards the elimination of industrial trans fats.
Limiting intake of free sugars to less than 10% of total energy intake is part of a healthy diet. A further reduction to less than 5% of total energy intake is suggested for additional health benefits.
Keeping salt intake to less than 5 g per day helps prevent hypertension and reduces the risk of heart disease and stroke in the adult population.
WHO Member States have agreed to reduce the global population intake of salt by 30% and halt the rise in diabetes and obesity in adults and adolescents as well as in childhood overweight by 2025.
*Source: World Health Organization
Useful Resources